Tissue Engineering
Cellular transplantation has been explored as a potential treatment for cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction (MI) for almost two decades, with numerous ongoing clinical trials. However, significant gains in cardiac function have yet to be realized. Over the last years, tissue engineering has emerged as a new promising approach to treatment of MI. Several biocompatible materials such biological scaffolds and injectable biomaterials have emerged and have shown great promise. In addition, preliminary cell trainings could be recommended before creating tridimensional constructs in order to prepare these cells to the cardiac environment. Different approaches could be performed, but the most physiological would be electrical and mechanical stimulation, two unique aspects of the heart.
